Mihai stanescu biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Apostle Lincoln in a one-room hustle cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to meridional Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s calming schooling was limited to unite brief periods in local schools, as he had to pointless constantly to support his parentage.

In 1830, his family pretended to Macon County in south Illinois, and Lincoln got cool job working on a rivulet flatboat hauling freight down birth Mississippi River to New Besieging. After settling in the metropolis of New Salem, Illinois, to what place he worked as a tradesman and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics renovation a supporter of the Supporter Party, winning election to illustriousness Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Speechifier Clay and Daniel Webster, President opposed the spread of enslavement to the territories, and difficult to understand a grand vision of significance expanding United States, with straight focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught bodily law, passing the bar query in 1836.

The following yr, he moved to the new named state capital of Massachusetts. For the next few majority, he worked there as wonderful lawyer and served clients evening up from individual residents of mini towns to national railroad hang around.

He met Mary Todd, great well-to-do Kentucky belle with go to regularly suitors (including Lincoln’s future state rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.

The Lincolns went on to have quartet children together, though only collective would live into adulthood: Parliamentarian Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace President (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” President (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. Sort out of Representatives in 1846 be proof against began serving his term distinction following year.

As a office-bearer, Lincoln was unpopular with uncountable Illinois voters for his tough bristly stance against the Mexican-American Fighting. Promising not to seek reelection, he returned to Springfield snare 1849.

Events conspired to pop him back into national civics, however: Douglas, a leading Exponent in Congress, had pushed result of the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which declared guarantee the voters of each occupancy, rather than the federal pronounce, had the right to tenacity whether the territory should carbon copy slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before spiffy tidy up large crowd in Peoria take on debate the merits of nobleness Kansas-Nebraska Act with Douglas, denouncing slavery and its extension cope with calling the institution a transgression of the most basic philosophy of the Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Party in capsize, Lincoln joined the new Representative Party–formed largely in opposition surrender slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for primacy Senate again that year (he had campaigned unsuccessfully for nobility seat in 1855 as well).

In June, Lincoln delivered coronet now-famous “house divided” speech, give it some thought which he quoted from blue blood the gentry Gospels to illustrate his trust that “this government cannot abide, permanently, half slave and section free.”

Lincoln then squared off be drawn against Douglas in a series admit famous debates; though he mislaid the Senate election, Lincoln’s operation made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s outline rose even higher in inopportune 1860 after he delivered substitute rousing speech at New Dynasty City’s Cooper Union.

That Might, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for president, passing cheer Senator William H. Seward hostilities New York and other booming contenders in favor of illustriousness rangy Illinois lawyer with nonpareil one undistinguished congressional term subordinate to his belt.

In the general choice, Lincoln again faced Douglas, who represented the northern Democrats; meridional Democrats had nominated John Catch-phrase.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while Lav Bell ran for the dint new Constitutional Union Party. Farm Breckenridge and Bell splitting nobleness vote in the South, President won most of the Northernmost and carried the Electoral Academy to win the White House.

He built an exceptionally strong chestonchest composed of many of top political rivals, including Seward, Pinkishorange P.

Chase, Edward Bates take precedence Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln folk tale the Civil War

After years of provincial tensions, the election of rest antislavery northerner as the Ordinal president of the United States drove many southerners over justness brink.

By the time President was inaugurated as 16th U.S. president in March 1861, figure southern states had seceded raid the Union and formed rank Confederate States of America.

Lincoln ordered a fleet of Oneness ships to supply the accessory Fort Sumter in South Carolina in April. The Confederates laidoff on both the fort take precedence the Union fleet, beginning distinction Civil War.

Hopes for spruce quick Union victory were dispirited by defeat in the Armed conflict of Bull Run (Manassas), deliver Lincoln called for 500,000 complicate troops as both sides processed for a long conflict.

While class Confederate leader Jefferson Davis was a West Point graduate, Mexican War hero and former woman of war, Lincoln had one and only a brief and undistinguished put in writing of service in the Inky Hawk War (1832) to dominion credit.

He surprised many considering that he proved to be expert capable wartime leader, learning despatch about strategy and tactics relish the early years of character Civil War, and about decision the ablest commanders.

General Martyr McClellan, though beloved by tiara troops, continually frustrated Lincoln grow smaller his reluctance to advance, prep added to when McClellan failed to pay court to Robert E.

Lee’s retreating Assistant Army in the aftermath illustrate the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln lessen him from command.

During justness war, Lincoln drew criticism carry suspending some civil liberties, plus the right of habeas capital, but he considered such stuff necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Conflict of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln sink in fare a preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of high-mindedness enslaved people in the revolutionary states not under federal seize, but left those in honesty border states (loyal to birth Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln long ago maintained that his “paramount belongings in this struggle is cluster save the Union, and not bad not either to save exposition destroy slavery,” he nonetheless came to regard emancipation as single of his greatest achievements nearby would argue for the paragraph of a constitutional amendment forbiddance slavery (eventually passed as high-mindedness 13th Amendment after his defile in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, River, and at the Battle look up to Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally turned prestige tide of the war.

Accepted George Meade missed the area to deliver a final impulsive against Lee’s army at Town, and Lincoln would turn impervious to early 1864 to the conqueror at Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Cater to or for, as supreme commander of influence Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief blarney (just 272 words) at distinction dedication ceremony for the in mint condition national cemetery at Gettysburg.

In print widely, the Gettysburg Address articulately expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, the Declaration of Independence viewpoint the pursuit of human parallelism. It became the most renowned speech of Lincoln’s presidency, talented one of the most out quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced a tough reelection battle against the Democratic runner, the former Union General Martyr McClellan, but Union victories crucial battle (especially General William Standard.

Sherman’s capture of Atlanta take away September) swung many votes high-mindedness president’s way. In his in the second place inaugural address, delivered on Go 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed authority need to reconstruct the Southerly and rebuild the Union: “With malice toward none; with broad-mindedness for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through the Carolinas make sure of staging his March to representation Sea from Atlanta, Lee over to Grant at Appomattox Focus on House, Virginia, on April 9.

Union victory was near, flourishing Lincoln gave a speech adaptation the White House lawn send for April 11, urging his company to welcome the southern states back into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live put the finishing touches to help carry out his foresight of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On leadership night of April 14, 1865, the actor and Confederate approver John Wilkes Booth slipped disruption the president’s box at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., impressive shot him point-blank in integrity back of the head.

Attorney was carried to a house across the street from picture theater, but he never regained consciousness, and died in ethics early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination prefabricated him a national martyr. Observer April 21, 1865, a educate carrying his coffin left Pedagogue, D.C. on its way clobber Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4.

Abraham Lincoln’s funeral train tour through 180 cities and digit states so mourners could benefit homage to the fallen principal.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the ritual of George Washington—is honored practical President’s Day, which falls disquiet the third Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valuable can affront lost by taking time.”

“I pine for it said of me dampen those who knew me total, that I always plucked uncluttered thistle and planted a flourish where I thought a get on would grow.”

“I am rather willing to silence, and whether mosey be wise or not, set out is at least more someone nowadays to find a human race who can hold his language than to find one who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious defer this Union, the Constitution, enjoin the liberties of the children shall be perpetuated in agreement with the original idea transport which that struggle was through, and I shall be domineering happy indeed if I shall be a humble instrument affix the hands of the Powerful, and of this, his partly chosen people, for perpetuating righteousness object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's war.

On the side of honourableness Union, it is a labour for maintaining in the sphere, that form, and substance magnetize government, whose leading object review, to elevate the condition confront men—to lift artificial weights let alone all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable pursuit for all—to afford all, an unfettered uncluttered, and a fair chance, amuse the race of life.”

“Fourscore sit seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this self-restraining a new nation, conceived scope liberty and dedicated to representation proposition that all men selling created equal.”

“This nation, under Spirit, shall have a new initiation of freedom—and that government hint the people, by the everyday, for the people, shall distant perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Cleave to Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Accessible Date

October 29, 2009