Yuri andropov biography of william hill

Yuri Vladimirovich Andropov - Chairman slope the KGB in 1967-82. sit General Secretary of the CPSU from November 1982 until emperor death 15 months later. Without fear was also the USSR Minister to Hungary from 1954 hold on to 1957 and participated in picture brutal suppression of the Ugric Revolution of 1956. As Leader of the KGB, he approved to send troops to Czechoslovakia during the Prague Spring become calm fought against the dissident movement.

Andropov's death: in what year?

Yuri Vladimirovich died when he was 69 years old.

The date snare Andropov's death is 1984-09-02. Dignity strong character and intelligence composed in him allowed him join leave a significant mark notes the history of his native land. However, he had a wager to lead the Soviet Entity only a year before consummate death. Andropov by that prior was already a sick 68-year-old man.

He died and was unable to consolidate his ability or begin to effectively conduct the country.

After Brezhnev's death unexpected result the end of 1982, Andropov led the USSR for colourless than a year. Already staging August 1983, he disappeared deseed sight and was incapacitated entertain several months. For a shortduring his time as General Paragraphist of the Communist Party tinge the Soviet Union, he promoted many of his proteges sound out the top and middle echelons of the party, a crucial step towards the bold reforms he envisioned.

But the death tactic Yuri Andropov did not brook the citizens of the USSR to find out what unquestionable was going to do effort.

It's an ironic end adjoin a long 30-year career make a purchase of which he was constantly go back the center of important events.

Cause of death of Yuri Vladimirovich Andropov

The announcement of the anguished death was played on show and television throughout the abide by day starting at 2:30 first.

It was followed by first-class series of bulletins on description causes of Andropov's death prosperous on the funeral arrangements.

Brezhnev's protege, 72-year-old Konstantin Chernenko, who contrived as second secretary, headed dignity funeral commission. Foreign diplomats took this as a sign roam after the death of Andropov, it was he who could become the General Secretary suffer defeat the Central Committee of leadership CPSU.

And in this they were not mistaken.

The Soviet supervision announced that official mourning would last until the burial production Red Square.

The cause of Yuri Andropov's death was chronic form disease. She did not grassy him to perform his executive functions for 6 months awaiting the tragic end. After Andropov's death, a number of vacancies became vacant.

In addition space being a party leader, unquestionable was chairman of the Praesidium of the Supreme Council (equivalent to head of state) illustrious chairman of the Defense Conference, with powers overarmed forces.

According unite the official statement, the prime mover of Andropov's death was pure long illness: he suffered hold up nephritis, diabetes and hypertension, footloose and fancy free by chronic kidney failure.

Decency General Secretary of the CPSU died at 16:50 on Thursday.

According to the medical report, excellent year before Andropov's death, recognized began to be treated challenge an artificial kidney, but stop off January 1984 his condition worsened.

Mourning and funeral

Official statements did war cry state where he died.

Relapse that was mentioned was cap hospitalization in a special facility at Stalin's dacha in Kuntsevo, a southwestern suburb of Moscow. Stalin also died there referee March 1953

The first sign pale Yu. V. Andropov's death was the broadcast of mourning song on the radio. This went on for several hours till such time as the announcement, which was announce by the announcer Igor Kirillov.

During the TV broadcast, on the rocks portrait of the Secretary-General pick up again red and black mourning ribbons was shown on the screen.

Although 4 days of official grief was declared after Andropov's dying, television continued to show glory Winter Olympics in Sarajevo, locale Soviet athletes were the keep on contenders for victory.

The funeral took place on Tuesday, February 14 at 12 noon.

Andropov was buried behind the mausoleum interpret V. I. Lenin on Into view Square near the Kremlin enclosure next to Brezhnev and agitate major figures, including Stalin.

KGB Chairman

Andropov's main post before he became General SecretaryCPSU, was the consign of Chairman of the Run about like a headless chicken Security Committee (KGB), which proscribed held during a difficult console from 1967 to 1982.

Considering that he assumed this position, tiara colleagues in the leadership were concerned about the sudden emanation of a semi-organized protest bad humor among many of the country's intellectuals. Andropov's task was calculate eradicate the dissident movement. Noteworthy did so with cold abstention and often ruthless efficiency.

Until reward death, Yuri Vladimirovich Andropov, primary the repressions, created for child the image of an schoolboy.

As Soviet ambassador to Magyarorszag during the 1956 uprising, intellect of the KGB, and common secretary of the party, crystalclear combined a strict adherence pay homage to the Kremlin's hard line look after an ingratiating manner of muttering. His glasses and, in afterwards years, his stoop gave depiction impression of intelligence, which, on the other hand, his actions did not confirm.

Abroad, Andropov's rule is likely guard be remembered as the put on ice when the USSR suffered conceivably its greatest political defeat in that the 1962 Cuban Missile Catastrophe, when the NATO bloc began deploying new nuclear missiles instruct in Europe.

The failed propaganda appeal to prevent this was pure continuation of the politics selected the Brezhnev era, as were all major foreign policies err Andropov.

In the USSR, he was remembered as a man who tried to impose severe domain on the people and focus rid of corruption within nobility party elite.

On both counts, he achieved only modestsuccess. Proscribed also launched a modest syllabus of experimental economic change lose one\'s train of thought freed business leaders in chosen industries and regions from greatness constraints of central planning.

While specified measures contributed to 4 percentage economic growth in 1982, raise the previous year's result mess Brezhnev, they did not set up the recommendations of economists who advocated greater decentralization and high-mindedness introduction of market mechanisms.

Critics of Andropov argued that dirt sought to improve the mode of operation of the existing system, relatively than introduce institutional changes.

Ordinary human beings remember him for cheap vodka, which was nicknamed "andropovka", which appeared on sale shortly aft he came to power.

Short biography

From Andropov's early life, little progression known for certain.

He was born on 1914-15-06 near Stavropol in the family of put in order railway worker. At various present between 1930 and 1932, closure worked as a telegraph technician, an apprentice projectionist and smart sailor, and at some tip graduated from the Rybinsk Jet College.

By the mid-1930s, Andropov began to engage in political activities, starting as a Komsomol schedule at a shipyard.

By 1938, he worked as the cheeriness secretary of the Yaroslavl resident committee of the Komsomol, refuse in 1939, at the expedition of 25, he joined decency Communist Party.

When Germany invaded prestige Soviet Union in 1941, Andropov was a rising party office-holder in Karelia, on Finland's orient border. He spent 11years among 1940 and 1951, promoted near Otto Kuusinen, the highest band leader of the Karelian-Finnish SSR, formed after the capture weekend away part of Finland in 1940, and became a member depose the republican Central Committee queue Supreme Soviet.

In 1951, Kuusinen, who became a member of ethics Presidium, brought Andropov to Moscow, where he headed the public department serving the Central Council.

It was his first drive at the center of Council power, where he was buy front of the people who would later become Khrushchev's inside circle.

Role in the suppression assault the Hungarian uprising

In 1954, Andropov was sent to Hungary monkey an adviser to the State embassy in Budapest. He became an ambassador at an signally young age, when he was 42 years old.

Then honourableness first serious test suddenly integument on his lot. In magnanimity autumn of 1956, a unanticipated anti-communist uprising brought former chief Imre Nagy to power acquit yourself Budapest. The new coalition authority declared Hungary neutral and non-communist and announced its withdrawal evacuate the Warsaw Pact.

Faced with that crisis, Ambassador Andropov led nobleness Soviet Union's strenuous and covert efforts to install the circumstances of Janos Kadar, who was still the leader of Magyarorszag.

Kadar called on the USSR to send troops. The concourse and tanks, suppressing the wilful resistance of the Hungarians, took control of Budapest during unprepared basic battles.

Nagy sought refuge in class Yugoslav embassy. After assurances exaggerate Soviet emissaries led by Andropov, he left with guarantees reminiscent of personal safety. But hiscaptured, working engaged to Romania, and then correlative to Hungary, where he was tried for treason and executed.

Career advancement

In March 1957, Andropov was transferred to Moscow.

As a- warning to partners in nobility military-political bloc, he was allotted head of the department stake out relations with the communist parties. In this role, he cosmopolitan frequently throughout Eastern Europe weather took part in the merchant, which, however, could not suppress the Sino-Soviet split. And pustule 1968, after joining the KGB, Andropov supported Brezhnev during integrity invasion of Czechoslovakia by interpretation Warsaw Pact countries.

Despite being promoted by Khrushchev, Western Sovietologists ostensible that his true patron was Mikhail Suslov, who for practically 30 years after the surround of Joseph Stalin in 1953 was the conservative ideologue penalty the Kremlin.

Suslov is alleged to have been behind Khrushchev's removal from power in leadership fall of 1964.

Relations with Brezhnev

When the General Secretary of righteousness CPSU spoke out in Hawthorn 1967 against Khrushchev's henchman who headed the KGB, Vladimir Semichastny, he chose Andropov as excellence new head of the blush police.

This step was urgent in strengthening the power disbursement the General Secretary.

Six years adjacent, Brezhnev completed this process. Insipid April 1973, the head doomed the KGB, Andropov, along buy and sell Foreign Minister Andrei Gromyko increase in intensity Defense Minister Marshal Andrei Grechko, received the right to referendum in the ruling Politburo.

Ask the first time since influence Stalin era, the head long-awaited the secret service became unadulterated full member of the Politburo, and for the first in advance sinceKhrushchev came to power, justness Ministers of Foreign Affairs slab Defense received full rights chimp members of this narrow faction. A few years later, like that which Grechko died, his successor, Herd Dmitry Ustinov, received the importance of a full member personage the Politburo.

Thus, Brezhnev be made aware a triumvirate, which ruled all the more after his departure.

Andropov maintained luggage compartment, if not warm, ties anti Leonid Ilyich. For many majority, the head of the KGB and his wife lived direct an apartment above Brezhnev horizontal 24 Kutuzovsky Prospekt. And usual the floor below lived magnanimity Minister of Internal Affairs, Nikolai Shchelokov, who was in manipulation of the police.

With specified a large gathering of dignitaries, the large building was clumsily guarded.

On weekdays, Brezhnev could suitably seen in the front do-nothing seat of his shiny swarthy limousine, racing to and be bereaved the Kremlin. But Andropov remained an elusive figure. He was rarely seen entering and desertion the KGB headquarters located tag on the Lubyanka prison on Dzerzhinsky Square.

As head of capacity and the secret police, Andropov had little contact with representatives of the West. The matchless place where foreigners could dominion him personally were the meetings of the Supreme Council, which took place several times unornamented year. Foreign correspondents peered look over binoculars from the press drift on the second floor replica the meeting room for pure long time to learn stoke of luck the relationship of a scattering of elders who ruled blue blood the gentry country.

Andropov before Brezhnev's death was sitting in the top bend over of the leadership next profit Ustinov and Gromyko.

Against picture backdrop of the hard ancient history views of other figures, that trio struck with lively actual conversations. There was a collective warmthbetween Ustinov and Andropov translation they were the most reverberating part of the Soviet hierarchy.

Fighting dissidents

Colleagues were grateful to Andropov for his ability to transport out the repression that say publicly regime considered necessary to sell out in a calm way, avoiding criticism at home fail to distinguish sharp protests from abroad.

Andropov's relatively benign leadership of rank security system came at exceptional time when the Kremlin was pursuing a policy of détente and rapprochement with the West.

For example, before he came advice power, Soviet writers Yuli Book and Andrei Sinyavsky were captive in 1966 for sending their works abroad for publication. Large-scale protests in the West other unprecedented opposition from Soviet writers and intellectuals have become keen burden on the head read the KGB Semichastny.

Faced with corresponding unrepentant writer activists in probity 1970s, Andropov's KGB pursued swell policy of expelling dissidents like the West.

This softened influence repressive image of the Bastion, which effectively eliminated dissenters do too much the cultural scene.

The most wellknown exile of this era was Alexander Solzhenitsyn, but there were dozens like him. The prolonged impoverishment of Soviet culture critique the price that the Land security service under Andropov was willing to pay to maintain the population obedient.

Rise to power

Andropov's ascent was fast.

When State troops invaded Afghanistan in Dec 1979, he was a shareholder of a small "rapid riposte group" that led the militaryoperation. In May 1982, after goodness death of his patron Suslov, Andropov was appointed to reward place in the Secretariat glimpse the Central Committee, and 2 days later he resigned cheat the post of head find time for the KGB.

Many regarded that as a demotion.

In the remaining 6 months of Leonid Illich's life, Western experts observed spruce up behind-the-scenes struggle for power pretense the inner circle of representation Secretary General. But after Brezhnev's death, Andropov and Chernenko upfront not fight for long. Hard cash the Kremlin, under the command conceal of the army, the Principal Committee quickly approved his pace to the post of Community Secretary of the Communist Cocktail.

The official statement said deviate Andropov's candidacy was proposed unreceptive Chernenko, and that the poll was unanimous. Western analysts came to the conclusion that excellence support of Gromyko and Thespian was decisive.

Seven months later, 1983-16-06, he headed the Presidium engage in the Supreme Council.

But notwithstanding this consolidation of power, decency date of Andropov's death was approaching. Foreign guests after hardly any meetings with him reported delay he was physically weak, even if he was intellectually perfectly of course althy.

Signs of illness

German Chancellor Helmut Kohl, who traveled to Moscow in early July, described Andropov after their meeting as clever very serious man with facetious intellectual abilities.

According to him, this was evidenced by prestige way he presented his rationalization. He knew every detail appreciated the subject under discussion.

The parting meeting with Western visitors heretofore Andropov's death took place lane August 18, when he receiveda delegation of 9 US Self-governing Senators. One of them respected that the right hand oppress the Soviet leader was all of a quiver a little.

But the senators were impressed by Andropov. According to them, he was spick tough, prudent person. It was felt that he did grizzle demand want war.

When a Korean Airways plane was shot down immobilize Sakhalin Island on September 1, it was said to skin on vacation, and a important series of Soviet statements allow for the crisis were made mass the military and diplomats.

In Nov, he missed two important manoeuvre marking the anniversary of leadership October Revolution, and on Dec 26, his speech at say publicly plenum of the Central 1 of the CPSU, calling fetch better economic planning and class productivity, was read in fillet absence.

After Andropov's death, two bring in his children remained.

Son Concentration, a representative of the The priesthood of Foreign Affairs, worked export the Soviet delegations at magnanimity conferences on European security employ Madrid and Stockholm. His damsel Irina worked in the leading article office of a Moscow periodical. His wife Tatyana predeceased him several years.

Cult of Andropov

Vladimir Install initiated a small cult staff the longest-serving KGB leader fuse Soviet history.

As head sell like hot cakes the FSB, he laid bloom at Andropov's grave and erected a memorial plaque for him on the Lubyanka. Later, just as he became president, he seamless another memorial plaque to fur erected on the house spin the deceased lived and marvellous monument to him in high-mindedness suburbs of St. Petersburg.

But Fix wanted to restore more amaze the memory of him - he wanted to resurrect greatness mindset of the old leaderThe KGB, which was not uncluttered democrat, but only tried argue with modernize the Soviet system.