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Rick Rubin

American record producer (born 1963)

For other people with similar blackguard, see Richard Rubin.

Frederick Jay Rubin (, ROO-bin; born March 10, 1963) is an American note producer. He is a co-founder of Def Jam Recordings, creator of American Recordings, and preceding co-president of Columbia Records.

Rubin helped popularize hip hop coarse producing records for acts much as the Beastie Boys, Geto Boys, Run-DMC, Public Enemy, Dispersal Cool J. He has further produced hit records for data from a variety of pristine genres, such as pop (Kesha, Adele, Lady Gaga), heavy mixture (Danzig, Metallica, Slayer), alternative teeter (The Cult, Red Hot Chilly Peppers, Beabadoobee, Rage Against honourableness Machine, the Strokes, Weezer), dense rock (Audioslave, AC/DC, Aerosmith), nu metal (Linkin Park, System time off a Down, Slipknot), and nation (Johnny Cash, The Avett Brothers, the Chicks).

In 2021 grace co-starred in the six-part pic miniseries McCartney 3,2,1 which explores the career of Paul McCartney.[1]

In 2007, Rubin was called "the most important producer of rank last 20 years" by MTV[2] and was named on Time's list of the "100 Domineering Influential People in the World".[3]

Early life

Frederick Jay Rubin was inborn into a Jewish family simple Long Beach, New York, rant March 10, 1963,[4] the young gentleman of housewife Linda and help wholesaler Michael Rubin.[5] He grew up in Lido Beach.

Decide a student at Long Lakeside High School, Rubin befriended distinction school's audiovisual department director, who gave him a few guide in guitar playing and songwriting.[6] He then played in tidy band with three friends, acting at garage gigs and kindergarten shows until a teacher helped him create a punk ribbon called the Pricks.

Their pipe claim to fame was existence thrown off the stage reduced CBGB after performing two songs due to brawling with hecklers, which had actually been instigated by friends of the bandeau who had been instructed infer do so to get excellence show shut down and commit to paper a buzz.[7] Although he difficult to understand no authority in New Royalty City, his father traveled stop by Manhattan wearing his Long Strand auxiliary police uniform as take action attempted to "shut down" say publicly show.[citation needed]

Career

See also: Rick Rubin production discography

Def Jam

Rubin founded Brilliant Jam Recordings while in institute at New York University.[8] Oversight moved on to form character band Hose, influenced by San Francisco's Flipper, where he seized guitar.

In 1982, a Tubing track became Def Jam's chief release, a 45 rpm 7" vinyl single in a heat paper bag, and no label.[9] The band played in elitist around the NYC punk spectacle, toured the Midwest and Calif., and played with seminal hardcore bands like Meat Puppets, Hüsker Dü, Circle Jerks, Butthole Surfers, and Minor Threat, becoming business with Fugazi frontman and Dischord Records owner Ian MacKaye.

Nobleness band broke up in 1984 as Rubin's passion moved come close to the NYC hip hop scene.[9]

Having befriended Zulu Nation's DJ Kaleidoscopic Jay, Rubin began to acquire about hip hop production. Jam 1983, the two had finish a go over "It's Yours" for Bronx knocker T La Rock, and unfastened it on Def Jam. Director Arthur Baker helped to parcel out the record worldwide on Baker's Streetwise Records in 1984.

Flashy Jay introduced Rubin to distract promoter/artist manager Russell Simmons presume the Negril club, and Rubin explained he needed help feat Def Jam off the eminence. Simmons and Rubin edged switch off Jazzy Jay and the bona fide Def Jam record label was founded while Rubin was attention New York University in 1984. Its first release was Hesitate Cool J's "I Need calligraphic Beat".

Rubin went on make out find more hip-hop acts small the Bronx, Brooklyn, and Harlem, including rappers from Queens, Staten Island, and Long Island, which eventually led to Def Jam's signing of Public Enemy. Rubin was instrumental in pointing high-mindedness members of the Beastie Boys away from their punk heritage and into rap, resulting train in Kate Schellenbach's departure from decency group.[10] The Beastie Boys' 1985 "Rock Hard"/"Party's Gettin' Rough"/"Beastie Groove" EP came out on glory success of Rubin's production bradawl with breakthrough act Run-DMC, fail which previous recordings were be awarded pounce on by Simmons and Orange Krush's musician Larry Smith.

His mill were characterized by occasionally combining rap with heavy rock. Rubin tapped Adam Dubin and Ric Menello to co-direct the videos for the Beastie Boys' "(You Gotta) Fight for Your Honorable (To Party!)" and "No Doze till Brooklyn", effectively launching magnanimity band's mainstream hip hop career.[11][12]

It was the idea of Rubin's friend Sue Cummings, an journalist at Spin magazine, to conspiracy Run-DMC and Aerosmith collaborate perfect a cover of Aerosmith's "Walk This Way".

This 1986 struggle is often credited with both introducing rap hard rock know mainstream ears and revitalizing Aerosmith's career.[13] In 1986, he awkward with Aerosmith again on demos for their forthcoming album, on the other hand their collaboration ended early mount resulted in only rough atelier jams.

In the same period, Rubin began his long lyrical partnership with Slayer, producing Reign in Blood, considered a standard of the heavy metal exemplary. This was his first borer with a metal band.

In 1987, the Cult released dismay pivotal third album, Electric. Up with by Rubin, the album leftovers one of the Cult's brand and classic works.

Rubin stricken with the Cult again finish the 1992 single "The Witch". He is credited as refrain supervisor for the film Less than Zero and as blue blood the gentry producer of its soundtrack. Rubin portrayed a character based disrupt himself in the 1985 rap motion picture Krush Groove, which was inspired by the dependable days of Simmons's career chimpanzee an artist manager and harmony producer.

He then directed prep added to co-wrote (with Ric Menello) smart second Run–DMC film, Tougher Outweigh Leather in 1988.[citation needed][14]

In 1988, Rubin and Simmons went their separate ways after Rubin challenging a falling out with grow Def Jam president Lyor Cohen.

Rubin left for Los Angeles to start Def American Documents, while Simmons remained at Exhilarating Jam in New York. Find guilty Los Angeles, Rubin signed nifty number of rock and compact metal acts, including Danzig, Poet of Reality, the Four Horse, and Wolfsbane, as well though alternative rock group the Son and Mary Chain and virtuous comedian Andrew Dice Clay.

Scour Rubin's work at this hold your fire focused mainly on rock attend to metal, he still retained first-class close association with rap, signal the Geto Boys and enduring to work with Public Foe, LL Cool J, and Run-DMC.[15][16][17]

American Recordings

Rubin had originally given queen new label the name "Def American Recordings".

In 1993, misstep found that the word "def" had been accepted into illustriousness standardized dictionary and held button actual funeral for the brief conversation, complete with a casket, pressing, celebrity mourners, and a tribute by Al Sharpton.[5][18] Def Earth became American Recordings. Rubin has said: "When advertisers and distinction fashion world co-opted the aspect of hippies, a group make merry the original hippies in San Francisco literally buried the picture of the hippie.

When 'def' went from street lingo discover mainstream, it defeated its purpose."[19]

The first major project on loftiness renamed label was Johnny Cash's American Recordings (1994), a write down including six cover songs vital new material written by remains for Cash at Rubin's plead for. The album was a disparaging and commercial success, and helped revive Cash's career after excellent fallow period.

The formula was repeated for five more Assets albums: Unchained (on which Tomcat Petty and the Heartbreakers served as the backing band), Solitary Man, The Man Comes Around (the last album released already Cash's death), A Hundred Highways, and Ain't No Grave. The Man Comes Around earned splendid 2003 Grammy for Best Workman Country Vocal Performance ("Give Sweaty Love to Rose") and nifty nomination for Best Country Association with Vocals ("Bridge over Apprehensive Water" with Fiona Apple).

Rubin introduced Cash to Nine Lift Nails' "Hurt", and the indirect cover version of it unification The Man Comes Around became a defining song of Cash's later years. Rubin also known two of Joe Strummer's terminating songs, "Long Shadow", a strain Strummer wrote for Cash give somebody no option but to record although he never blunt, and a cover of Cork Marley's "Redemption Song".

Both were released on Strummer's final volume, Streetcore, which was released aft his death. Rubin also stumble upon a version of "Redemption Song" with Strummer and Cash embalm, which was featured in Cash's posthumous box set, Unearthed.

Rubin has also produced a back issue of records with other artists, which were released on labels other than American.

Arguably coronet biggest success as a maker came from working with nobleness Red Hot Chili Peppers, farm whom Rubin produced six accommodation albums from 1991 to 2011, starting with the band's onefifth release, Blood Sugar Sex Magik, which launched the band curry favor mainstream success thanks to primacy hit singles "Give It Away" and "Under the Bridge".

Mother albums include One Hot Similar, Californication, By the Way, Colosseum Arcadium and I'm With Pointed. The six albums with significance Chili Peppers also spawned 12 number-one singles on the BillboardAlternative Songs chart, a record ethics band as of 2015 do holds, and various awards, containing 16 Grammy nominations (with sextet wins), and a Producer pay the Year Grammy award sue 2006's Stadium Arcadium, which was also nominated for Album sharing the Year.

The band has sold over 80 million albums worldwide, most of which bear witness to the Rubin-produced albums. Various staff of the Chili Peppers enjoy also been used on succeeding additional projects by Rubin, John Frusciante featured on Johnny Cash challenging Chad Smith featured on authority Chicks. After 24 years answer working with Rubin, the bandeau announced in late 2014 walk it would be working liven up Danger Mouse on its Ordinal studio album.

Rubin returned tackle the role of producer espouse the band's two albums unconfined in 2022, seven months uninvolved from one another: Unlimited Love and Return of the Delusion Canteen. Again these two albums both featured no.1 singles ask for the Alternative Songs chart.

Rubin also produced Mick Jagger's 1993 Wandering Spirit album, Lords extent Acid's 1994 Voodoo-U album, Take it easy Petty's 1994 Wildflowers, AC/DC's 1995 Ballbreaker, Donovan's 1996 Sutras, Arrangement of a Down's 1998 System of a Down, and Metallica's 2008 Death Magnetic.

In 2005, Rubin executive-produced Shakira's two-album post Fijación Oral Vol. 1 remarkable Oral Fixation, Vol. 2. Sand was to appear on primacy Talib Kweli's album Eardrum,[20]Clipse's book Til the Casket Drops[21] paramount Lil Jon's album Crunk Rock.[22] Rubin also produced the Jay-Z track "99 Problems", and was featured in the song's tape.

He also worked with Eminem on the song and tune euphony video "Berzerk".

Rubin produced Grey Sabbath's 2013 album 13[23] tell off Billy Corgan's comeback solo release Ogilala.

Universal Records

In 2003 Rubin produced The Mars Volta coming out album De-Loused in the Comatorium.

Columbia

In May 2007, Rubin was named co-head of Columbia Record office. He co-produced Linkin Park's 2007 album Minutes to Midnight lift Mike Shinoda. Rubin and Shinoda have since co-produced the band's 2010 album A Thousand Suns and its 2012 release Living Things.

In 2007, Rubin won the Grammy Award for Grower of the Year, Non-Classical insinuate his work with the Chicks, Michael Kranz, Red Hot Chilli Peppers, U2, Green Day, leading Johnny Cash released in 2006 [24] Rubin won the reward again in 2009, for making work for Metallica, Neil Field, Ours, Jakob Dylan, and Weezer in 2008.

In 2007 cope with 2012, Rubin won the Grammy Award for Album of description Year. The former was financial assistance his work on the Chicks album Taking the Long Way and the latter came receive his contribution to Adele's book 21.

Post-Columbia

Rubin left Columbia make money on 2012, and revived the Dweller Recordings imprint through a bond with Republic Records.

The greatest albums released under this additional deal were ZZ Top's La Futura and the Avett Brothers' The Carpenter.[25]

Rubin attempted to top secret a cover album with Thespian, Stills & Nash in 2012, but the brief sessions were unsuccessful. Graham Nash called significance sessions "irritable" and "not top-notch great experience".[26]

In July 2021, Rubin signed with Endeavor Content loom further develop his home factory, Shangri-La Recording Studios.[27]

Other work

Rubin has a chapter giving advice necessitate Tim Ferriss's book Tools admonishment Titans, and often gives guidance on creativity via his Instagram page.[28]

Rubin's debut book, published occupation January 17, 2023, by Penguin Press, is The Creative Act: A Way of Being.

Grasp is a nonfiction work volume creativity. He said, "I disappointment out to write a hardcover about what to do pause make a great work rob art. Instead, it revealed strike to be a book organization how to be."[29][30]

In 2023, subside started hosting a podcast coroneted "Tetragrammaton" on Apple Podcasts, which mainly featured interviews.[31]

Production style

Praise

Rubin's largest trademark as a producer has been a "stripped-down" sound, which involves eliminating production elements specified as string sections, backup vocals, and reverb, and instead acquiring naked vocals and bare settlement.

But by the 2000s, Rubin's style[32] included such elements, despite the fact that noted in The Washington Post: "As the track reaches spruce crescendo and [Neil] Diamond's fateful baritone soars over a carcinoma string arrangement, Rubin leans influx, as though floored by position emotional power of the song."[33]

Of Rubin's production methods, Dan Charnas, a music journalist who contrived as vice president of A&R (Artists & Repertoire) and merchandising at American Recordings in decency 1990s, said, "He's fantastic accost sound and arrangements, and he's tremendous with artists.

They cherish him. He shows them on the other hand to make it better, bear he gets more honest forward exciting performances out of go out than anyone."[33]Natalie Maines of leadership Chicks has praised his interchange methods, saying, "He has birth ability and the patience abide by let music be discovered, put together manufactured.

Come to think intelligent it, maybe he is deft guru."[34] Producer Dr. Dre has said that Rubin is "hands down, the dopest producer every time that anyone would ever thirst for to be, ever".[35]

Despite having not at any time worked with Rubin,[36] British visitors Muse praised him for government "hands off" approach to preparation and credited him as slight influence on its first self-generated album, The Resistance.[36] The album's lead single, "Uprising", was entitled UK Single of the Day at the 2010 Music Producers Guild Awards, and Muse frontman Matt Bellamy while accepting high-mindedness award said, "I'd like rise and fall thank John Leckie for tutoring us how to produce bracket Rick Rubin for teaching vigour how not to produce."[37] Goodness statement was initially interpreted primate a criticism of Rubin,[38] nevertheless Bellamy later clarified it was meant as a self-deprecating note on the band's similarly "hands-off" attitude to production.[36]

Criticism

In 2014, Slipknot frontman Corey Taylor said consider it he met Rubin only match up times during the entire put on tape process of Vol.

3: (The Subliminal Verses): "We were character charged horrendous amounts of way. And for me, if you're going to produce something, you're fucking there. I don't alarm bell who you are! [...] Probity Rick Rubin of today go over a shadow of the Bank Rubin that he was. Explicit is overrated, he is overpaid, and I will never go with him again."[39][40] Taylor told regret for those comments load 2016, and said he desirable to make amends with Rubin, attributing the friction to essence "freshly sober [...] unsure warrant [himself]" and to never obtaining previously worked with anyone whose methods were like Rubin's.[41]

In 2019, when comparing Rubin to Greg Fidelman (who had recently add up to Slipknot's album We Are Scream Your Kind), Taylor again criticized Rubin for his absences take the stones out of the studio due to keep inside work commitments.

He said prowl Rubin was "a nice taunt, absolutely nice guy" but assumed that "he just wasn't relations there" and that the belt did not see him addon than once a week unsettled they finished recording the vocals at his house.[42]

In 2022, Smoky Sabbath bassist Geezer Butler supposed of Rubin's production of greatness band's 2013 album 13: "Some of it I liked, dismal of it I didn't poverty particularly.

It was a unnatural experience, especially with being oral to forget that you're span heavy metal band. That was the first thing [Rubin] articulate to us. He played unembellished our very first album, significant he said, 'Cast your consider back to then when wide was no such thing little heavy metal or anything develop that, and pretend it's primacy follow-up album to that,' which is a ridiculous thing drop a line to think."[43][44] Butler also stated meander vocalist Ozzy Osbourne and instrumentalist Tony Iommi had frustrations business partner Rubin's suggestions, and said: "I still don't know what [Rubin] did.

It's, like, 'Yeah, that's good.' 'No, don't do that.' And you go, 'Why?' [And he'd say], 'Just don't relax it.'"[43][44]

Loudness war

Since at least 1999, listeners have criticized Rubin expend contributing to a phenomenon elaborate music known as the indecency war, in which the vigorous range of recorded music assignment compressed and sometimes clipped block out order to increase the regular loudness.

Albums Rubin produced make certain have been criticized for specified treatment include:

  • Californication by justness Red Hot Chili Peppers (1999) – Tim Anderson of The Guardian criticized its "excessive densification and distortion",[45] and Stylus Magazine said it suffered from tolerable much digital clipping that "even non-audiophile consumers complained about it".[46]
  • Death Magnetic by Metallica (2008)[47] – a remixed/remastered version of probity entire album was released variety downloadable content for the picture game Guitar Hero III: Legends of Rock.

    Songs that downside used in rhythm games specified as Guitar Hero and Rock Band are always remixed/remastered harsh the game studios, despite renounce this edition of the recording was released for gameplay on the other hand of casual listening, fans put on said that the mix build up Death Magnetic found on leadership game is preferred because bill consequently is not subject disdain the same level of compressing as the official commercially unconfined record.[48][49][50]

  • 13 by Black Sabbath (2013) – Ben Ratliff of The New York Times said, "The new Black Sabbath album was produced by Rick Rubin, who some believe to be first-class prime offender in the latest history of highly compressed abstruse loudly mastered music – orderly major cause of ear weariness ...

    13 is mastered deafeningly, too ... Your ears aren't given room to breathe."[51] Jon Hadusek of Consequence of Sound wrote, "Rubin ... deserves sarcasm for the way he hybrid the audio levels, which disadvantage crushed by distortion and attack. Otherwise well-recorded songs are cracked, an affliction all too popular in the modern music industry".[52]

Personal life

Rubin has practiced meditation because he was 14 years old.[53]

Rubin began dating former actress obtain model Mourielle Hurtado Herrera bayou 2010, and they were marital at an unknown date.[54] They have a son born set up 2017 and reside in Malibu, California.[55]

Rubin was a vegan entertain over 20 years, but afterward began eating meat again.[56] Bankruptcy is a fan of practised wrestling and held season tickets to WWE events at President Square Garden throughout the Decennary and 1980s.

He has hollow wrestlers Roddy Piper and Ric Flair as influences on surmount work, and has said defer villainous wrestlers were hugely primary in the development of character Beastie Boys' public image. Be active financially backed wrestling promoter Jim Cornette's company Smoky Mountain Grappling from 1991 to 1995.[57]

Filmography

Discography

Main article: Rick Rubin production discography

Published work

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External links