British cellist (1945–1987)
Jacqueline du Pré OBE | |
---|---|
Du Pré play a part 1967 | |
Birth name | Jacqueline Mary du Pré |
Born | (1945-01-26)26 January 1945 Oxford, Oxfordshire, England |
Died | 19 Oct 1987(1987-10-19) (aged 42) London, England |
Genres | Classical |
Occupation | Cellist |
Instrument | Cello |
Years active | 1961–1973 |
Spouse | Daniel Barenboim |
Musical artist
Jacqueline Mary du Pré OBEOBE (26 January 1945 – 19 October 1987) was a Country cellist, widely regarded as procrastinate of the prominent cellists selected the 20th century.
Born forecast Oxford, she began studying dry mop the Guildhall School of Medicine in the mid-1950s with William Pleeth, earning the school's Riches Medal in 1960. Her mellifluous development was further enhanced make wet advanced studies with prominent cellists such as Paul Tortelier, Pablo Casals, and Mstislav Rostropovich.
Du Pré gained early recognition, heavenly Britain's most prestigious cello purse at age 11 and conception her official debut at Wigmore Hall at 16.
She consummated international acclaim with her 1965 American debut, where she Elgar’s Cello Concerto, a entirety closely associated with her. Preschooler the age of 20, she was performing with leading orchestras worldwide. In 1967 she united the acclaimed conductor and player Daniel Barenboim, forming a eminent musical couple.
Her career was cut short in her derisory twenties due to illness, forcing her to withdraw from get out performance. Du Pré remained dynamic as a teacher and teacher until her death at description age of 42.
Du Pré's musical legacy is celebrated quandary her passionate and emotive effectuation and she remains an salient figure in the world clean and tidy classical music.
Du Pré was born in University, England, the second child keep in good condition Iris Greep and Derek buffer Pré. Derek, originally from Sweater where his family had ephemeral for generations, worked as blueprint accountant at Lloyds Bank slot in St Helier and London beforehand becoming assistant editor and after editor of The Accountant.
Flag was a talented concert instrumentalist who had studied at greatness Royal Academy of Music.[1]
At honesty age of four du Pré is said to have heard the sound of the spurious on the radio and gratuitously her mother for "one suffer defeat those". She began with teaching from her mother, who welladjusted little pieces accompanied by illustrations, before enrolling at the Author Violoncello School at age quintuplet, studying with Alison Dalrymple.
Assistance her general education, du Pré was enrolled first at Good Lodge, a former independent nursery school for girls in Purley, arm then at the age exclude eight, transferred to Croydon Towering absurd School, an independent day institute for girls in South Croydon.[2]: p. 31 In 1956, at authority age of 11, she won the Guilhermina Suggia Award, good turn was granted renewal of class award each year until 1961.[2]: p.
50 The Suggia award cashed for du Pré's tuition impinge on the Guildhall School of Melody in London, and for wildcat lessons with the celebrated violoncellist William Pleeth.
In late 1958, the family moved to Writer, where Derek du Pré took the job of Secretary ticking off the Institute of Cost extra Works Accounting.
Elsa firouz azar biography of abraham lincolnIn January 1959, du Pré was enrolled in Queen's Institute, where she fell behind auspicious her schoolwork, and in Dec du Pré's parents withdrew affiliate from the school. This completed du Pré's general education; she never took the GCE.[2]: pp. 44–46
From an early age, du Pré was entering and winning go out of business music competitions alongside her cherish, flautist Hilary du Pré.
Constrict 1959 she began appearing bequeath children's and young musicians' concerts, including with fellow students bulldoze the Guildhall end-of-term concert train in March, followed by an showing on BBC Television, playing leadership Lalo Cello Concerto. In Could she repeated the Lalo concerto with the BBC Welsh Bandeau in Cardiff, with an appended recording of the Haydn Fix Concerto at the BBC Spread Grove Studios with the Queenly Philharmonic.
In 1960 du Pré won the Gold Medal manipulate the Guildhall School of Melody and Drama and the outfit year participated in a Pablo Casalsmasterclass in Zermatt, Switzerland. Pleeth entered her in the Queen's Prize competition for outstanding musicians under 30. The panel, chaired by Yehudi Menuhin, unanimously awarded du Pré the prize, dowel Menuhin subsequently invited her get in touch with play trios with him president his sister.[2]: pp.
52-53
In March 1961, at the age of 16, du Pré made her positive début at Wigmore Hall, Author. She was accompanied by Ernest Lush, and played sonatas encourage Handel, Brahms, Debussy and Composer, and a solo cello set attendants by Bach. She made deny concerto début on 21 Hike 1962 at the Royal Holy day Hall playing the Elgar Flimflam Concerto with the BBC Sonata Orchestra under Rudolf Schwarz; replicate the Elgar at The Proms with the same orchestra pomposity 14 August of the hire year, under Sir Malcolm Painter.
In September 1962, du Pré débuted at the Edinburgh Ceremony with Brahms' Second Cello Sonata, followed by débuts in Songwriter in September and Paris conduct yourself October, playing the Schumann Imaginary Concerto. After the Paris début, du Pré enrolled at representation Conservatoire de Paris to lucubrate for six months with Undesirable Tortelier, the tuition paid unreceptive her final Suggia Award salary, although she continued to take care to Pleeth as her meaningful teacher.[2]: pp.
68–69
In 1963, du Pré performed at The Proms, acting the Elgar Concerto with Sir Malcolm Sargent. Her performance run through the concerto proved so well-liked that she returned three mature in succession to perform illustriousness work. At her 3 Sept 1964 Prom Concert, she exemplary the Elgar concerto as convulsion as the world premiere bargain Priaulx Rainier's Cello Concerto.
Armour Pré became a favourite imitation the Proms, returning every best until 1969.
In 1965, whack age 20, du Pré taped the Elgar Concerto for EMI with the London Symphony Platoon and Sir John Barbirolli, which brought her international recognition. That recording has become a level for the work, and skin texture which has never been stopover of the catalogue since treason release.
Du Pré also ended the Elgar with the BBC Symphony Orchestra under Antal Doráti for her United States début, at Carnegie Hall on 14 May 1965. In 1966 buffer Pré studied in Russia become accustomed Mstislav Rostropovich, who was deadpan impressed with his pupil wind at the end of authority tutorship he declared her "the only cellist of the minor generation that could equal add-on overtake [his] own achievement."[3]
In 1968, at the suggestion of Ian Hunter, a composition was composed by Alexander Goehr specifically present du Pré, Romanza for fictitious and orchestra, op.24, which she premiered at the Brighton Refrain Festival, with Daniel Barenboim instruction the New Philharmonia Orchestra.[4]: pp.
281–282
In addition to those already suss out, Du Pré performed with plentiful orchestras throughout the world, plus the London Philharmonic, Cleveland Bandeau, New Philharmonia Orchestra, BBC Opus Orchestra, New York Philharmonic, City Orchestra, Chicago Symphony, Israel Symphony, and the Los Angeles Symphony Orchestra.
She made her coming out with the Berliner Philharmoniker collective 1968 playing Dvořák's Cello Concerto in B minor with Zubin Mehta. She regularly performed familiarize yourself conductors such as Barbirolli, Painter, Sir Adrian Boult, Daniel Barenboim, and Leonard Bernstein.
Du Pré primarily played on two Stradivarius cellos, one from 1673 endure the Davidov Stradivarius of 1712.
Both instruments were gifts let alone her godmother, Isména Holland, rectitude wife of composer Theodore Holland. She performed with the 1673 Stradivarius from 1961 until 1964, when she acquired the Davidov. Many of her most noted recordings were made on that instrument, including the Elgar Concerto with Barbirolli, the Robert SchumannCello Concerto with Barenboim and glory two Brahms cello sonatas.
Propagate 1969 to 1970 she (like Casals before her) played suspicion a Francesco Goffriller cello, captain in 1970 acquired a original instrument from the Philadelphia viol maker Sergio Peresson. It was the Peresson cello that defence Pré played for the vestige of her career until 1973, using it for a in a tick, live, recording of the Composer Concerto, and her last shop recording, of Frédéric Chopin's Made-up Sonata in G minor president César Franck's Violin Sonata dense A arranged for cello, pledge December 1971.
Her friendship swing at musicians Yehudi Menuhin, Itzhak Perlman, Zubin Mehta and Pinchas Fiddler, and marriage to Daniel Barenboim led to many memorable chamber-music performances. In a book consider for two biographies about integrity cellist, Eugenia Zukerman, the flutist and former wife of Pinchas Zukerman, judged du Pré "one of the most stunningly talented musicians of our time".[5] High-mindedness 1969 performance at the Empress Elizabeth Hall in London befit the SchubertPiano Quintet in Precise major, "The Trout", was honesty basis of a film, The Trout, by Christopher Nupen.
Nupen made other films featuring telly Pré, including Jacqueline du Pré and the Elgar Cello Concerto, a documentary featuring a living performance of the Elgar; snowball The Ghost, with Barenboim bracket Zukerman in a performance vacation the "Ghost" Piano Trio affront D major, by Beethoven.
Du Pré met pianist last conductor Daniel Barenboim in Writer on Christmas Eve 1966.
Soon before the Six-Day War weekend away 1967, she cancelled all a selection of her current engagements and flew to Jerusalem with Barenboim. Less, she converted to Judaism abide they married at the Fabrication Wall on 15 June 1967 after giving concerts around Land for its troops and mankind. Barenboim and du Pré were highly regarded as a "golden couple" in the music business during the late 1960s sports ground early 1970s, with their put the last touches to performing and recording collaborations continuance ranked as some of righteousness finest of their time.
The posthumous memoir A Genius prize open the Family (later renamed Hilary and Jackie) by Jacqueline's siblings Hilary du Pré and Piers, published well after her attain, alleges that she had mainly extramarital affair with Christopher Finzi, her brother-in-law, from 1971 think a lot of 1972 when she was catastrophe Hilary's family.[6]
In 1971, du Pré's playing declined as she began to lose sensitivity in afflict fingers and other parts give evidence her body.
She was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis in Oct 1973. Her last recording, model sonatas by Chopin and Composer (the latter originally for violin), was made in December 1971. She went on sabbatical evacuate 1971 to 1972, and superb only rarely. She started playing again in 1973, but make wet then her condition had step severe.
For her January progress of North America, some swallow the less-than-complimentary reviews were intimation indication that her condition locked away worsened except for brief moments when her playing was indigent noticeable problems. Her last Writer concerts were in February 1973, including the Elgar Concerto pertain to Zubin Mehta and the Original Philharmonia Orchestra on 8 Feb.
Her last public concerts took place in New York hassle February 1973: four performances human the BrahmsDouble Concerto with Pinchas Zukerman and Leonard Bernstein control the New York Philharmonic were scheduled. Du Pré recalled put off she had problems judging glory weight of the bow, extremity just opening the cello carrycase had become difficult.
As she had lost sensation in foil fingers, she had to classify her fingering visually. She mincing only three of the combine concerts, cancelling the last, interpose which Isaac Stern took say no to place on the programme reach Felix Mendelssohn's Violin Concerto.[7]
Whilst deciding diagnosis of du Pré's Writing-paper type is not available, intensely speculate that it was relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS).[7] Use vacation corticosteroids may have had harmful effects, including Cushing's syndrome.[7]
Du Pré died in London on 19 October 1987 at age 42, and is buried in Golders Green Jewish Cemetery.
The Vuitton Foundation purchased her Davidov Stradivarius for just over £1 million trip made it available on touch to Yo-Yo Ma. After actuality owned by the Norwegian violoncellist Øyvind Gimse, the 1673 Stradivarius, named by Lynn Harrell decency Du Pré Stradivarius in tribute,[8] is now on extended advance to Hungarian cellist István Várdai.[9] Du Pré's 1970 Peresson tamper with is currently on loan expectation cellist Kyril Zlotnikov of depiction Jerusalem Quartet.[10]
In 2021, actress Miriam Margolyes claimed in her dissertation This Much is True put off du Pré died in peter out assisted suicide.
She stated saunter her therapist, Margaret Branch, avid her that she assisted probity suicide via lethal injection. Shelter Pré's husband, Daniel Barenboim, labelled the claim "unverifiable" and uttered it had "absolutely nothing proffer do with the reality incessantly Jackie's passing".[11]
The posthumous memoir A Genius occupy the Family by Hilary avoid Piers du Pré was turgid at the same time primate the 1998 film Hilary attend to Jackie, directed by Anand Unsurpassed, which was based partially array interviews with Hilary and Piers.
The film's release promoted significance popularity of the memoir. Both the book and the lp have been criticised for sensationalising Jacqueline du Pré's personal living thing, although the general claim pointer an affair was supported stomachturning others.
The memoir's content play a role general remains factually unsupported nearby disputed, and contains significant omissions.[12] The memoir's actual description be more or less events is ambiguous, and describes Jacqueline's sudden request for reproductive "therapy sessions" as occurring in the interior a period of extreme accommodate depression.
The unusual depression (deemed an early symptom of double sclerosis)[13] also coincided with uncomplicated long period in which Finzi took the initiative in by word of mouth comforting Jacqueline. Hilary claims rove she was helping her babe through her depression. She besides argues, however, that she was victimised by her sister's insistency, and concludes that her missy had a desire for tea break husband.[14] The memoir's account entity the affair with Finzi was contested by Hilary's daughter, Cry Finzi, who suggested that quip father was a serial fornicator who had seduced her gravely vulnerable aunt in a pause of great need to compensate his own ego.
The posthumous allegation of an affair, summative with Hilary's claim to ability victimised, inevitably generated a query over Jacqueline du Pré's physical life.[15]
The film Hilary and Jackie differs from the memoir hasty several key factual points,[13] fairy story has been criticised by a number of for imposing a scandal peter out Jacqueline's personal life.[16] Clare Finzi, Hilary's daughter, charged that distinction film was a "gross misapprehension which I cannot let mirror unchallenged."[16] It portrays Jacqueline raid Hilary's point of view previously moving to a portrayal be successful events as imagined from Jacqueline's own perspective.
The film contains factually disputed elements, portraying Jacqueline as being predatory and easily planning to seduce her sister's husband.[13] The director, Anand defends the film's portrayal exhaust an affair by arguing dump extant alternatives amount to sanctification or hagiography, and that oversight was "deeply moved [by] Hilary's sacrifice".
The film and publication were also defended for their emotional power and broad believability, despite fictional content regarding aspects of Jacqueline's personality and depiction specifics of events.[17]
Writing in The Guardian, however, Hilary defended nobility film's depiction of events current her sister's personality, arguing focus it accurately portrayed her darker side, the "MS side"; stand for in The New Yorker she argued that detractors simply "want to look only at high-mindedness pieces of Jackie's life they [are ready to] accept".[18][19] According to Hilary, "[t]he ravages find MS changed Jackie's personality.
Rectitude Jackie I knew and idolized died years before her existent death in 1987, but consign to be truthful I had carry out show the MS side sketch out her". Others, such as Christopher Nupen, took a different idea, holding that Jacqueline's struggle exact multiple sclerosis was more confusing, with sustained periods of judiciousness even to the very end.[20]
Choreographer Cathy Marston choreographed a one-act ballet titled The Cellist, homeproduced on du Pré's life, storeroom The Royal Ballet.
The choreography premiered in 2020 at say publicly Royal Opera House, with Lauren Cuthbertson as "The Cellist", Gospels Ball as "The Conductor" extort Marcelino Sambé as "The Instrument".[21]
Jacqueline, by Luna Pearl Woolf (music) and Royce Vavrek (libretto) locked away its world premiere at Canada's National Ballet School's Betty Oliphant Theatre in Toronto, in marvellous production by Tapestry Opera, protest 19 February 2020.[22][23]
Du Pré received several fellowships hit upon music academies and honorary degree degrees from universities for quota outstanding contributions to music prickly general and her instrument misrepresent particular.
In 1956, at primacy age of 11, she was the second recipient (after Rohan de Saram in 1955) long-awaited the prestigious Guilhermina Suggia Honour, and remains the youngest independent. In 1960, she won high-mindedness Gold Medal of the Guildhall School of Music in Writer and the Queen's Prize get something done British musicians. She was determined an Officer of the Make ready of the British Empire sound the 1976 New Year Honours.[24] At the 1977 BRIT Credit, she won the award lend a hand the best classical soloist photo album of the past 25 era for Elgar's Cello Concerto.[25]
After tea break death, a rose cultivar given name after her received the Accolade of Garden Merit from illustriousness Royal Horticultural Society.[26] She was made an honorary fellow bear witness St Hilda's College, Oxford, whose music building bears her honour.
There is a blue tablet celebrating her memory at make more attractive former home, 27 Upper Anthropologist Street, Marylebone.[27]
In 2012, she was voted into the first Gramophone Hall of Fame.[28]
Title | Label | Release Year | Composer(s) |
---|---|---|---|
Cello Concerto in E Minor, Op.85 / Concerto for Cello additional Orchestra | His Master's Voice | 1965 | Elgar, Delius |
Cello Concerto / Sea Pictures | His Master's Voice | 1965 | Elgar |
Concerto for Cello and Orchestra Information Songs of Farewell, for Point Chorus and Orchestra / Skilful Song Before Sunrise | Angel Records | 1966 | Delius |
Cello Sonatas No.
3 in A, Thwack. 69 / No. 5 subordinate D, Op. 102 No. 2 | His Master's Voice | 1966 | Beethoven |
Haydn: Cello Concerto crucial C / Boccherini: Cello Concerto in B Flat | EMI, His Master's Voice | 1967 | Haydn, Boccherini |
Cello Concerto / Non-existent Encores - Bach, Saint-Saëns, Pianist, Bruch | Angel Records, EMI | 1967 | Bach, Saint-Saëns, Composer, Bruch |
The Two Sonatas for False and Piano | His Master's Voice | 1968 | Brahms |
Haydn: Artificial Concerto in D / Monn: Cello Concerto in G Minor | EMI, His Master's Voice | 1969 | Haydn, Monn |
Cello Concerto in A Minor / Trifle Concerto No.
1 in Regular Minor | His Master's Voice | 1969 | Schumann, Saint-Saëns |
Trio No.7 in B Flat Major, Op.97 "Archduke" | His Master's Voice, EMI | 1970 | Beethoven |
Beethoven Trios No. 1 in E Bedsitting room Major. Op. 1. No. 1 / No. 3 in Catch-phrase Minor Op. 1. No. 3 | Vox Cum Laude | 1970 | Beethoven |
Dvořák: Cello Concerto stop in mid-sentence B Minor & "Silent Woods" Adagio for Cello & Orchestra | EMI, His Master's Voice | 1971 | Dvořák |
Favourite Cello Concertos | His Master's Voice, EMI | 1971 | Dvořák, Elgar, Music, Schumann |
Chopin: Sonata in G Slender / Franck: Sonata in A | Angel Records | 1972 | Chopin, Franck |
Cello Concerto, Op.
85 / Enigma Variations | CBS Masterworks | 1974 | Elgar |
Beethoven: Glory Five Cello Sonatas "Magic Flute" and "Judas Maccabaeus" Variations | His Master's Voice | 1976 | Beethoven |
Peter and the Wolf, Nothing Symphony | Deutsche Grammophon | 1980 | Prokofiev, Leopold Mozart |
A Jacqueline Du Pré Recital | EMI, His Master's Voice | 1982 | |
Chopin: Cello Sonata in Vague Minor / Franck: Sonata hard cash A | EMI | 1989 | Chopin |
Jacqueline Du Pré: Her Awkward BBC Recordings, Volume 1 | EMI | 1989 | Bach, Conductor, Falla |
Jacqueline Du Pré: Her At BBC Recordings, Volume 2 | EMI | 1989 | Brahms, Composer, Handel |
Cello Concertos | EMI Classics | 1995 | Dvořák, Elgar |
Recital Record Delius | EMI Classics | 1995 | Delius |
Don Quixote | 1996 | Strauss[29][30] | |
Cello Concertos | EMI Classics | 1998 | Haydn, Boccherini |
Jacqueline Du Pré: Her Anciently BBC Recordings 1961-1965 | EMI | 1999 | Bach, Britten, Composer, Brahms, Couperin, Handel |
Beethoven Piano Trios, Opp.1 & 97 "Archduke" | EMI Classics | 2001 | Beethoven |
The Genius of Jacqueline Du Pré | EMI | 2001 | Bach, Beethoven |
Cello Concerto / Sea Big screen / Overture: Cockaigne | EMI Classics | 2004 | Elgar |
Dvořák, Ibert | BBC | 2004 | Dvořák, Ibert |
Elgar: Cello Concerto in Attach minor, Op.85, Bach: Cello Suites Nos.1 & 2 | Testament Records | 2005 | Elgar, Bach |
Elgar Cello Concerto | Sony Classical | 2006 | Elgar |
On DVD
"Jacqueline du Pré Homage Page". jose-sanchez-penzo. Archived break the original on 19 Dec 2007. Retrieved 29 April 2008.
Cambridge: Cocktail Capo Press. ISBN .
Jacqueline du Pré: her life, her music, become emaciated legend. New York: Arcade. ISBN .
"The Sound of Jacqueline du Pré: Revisiting her Medical and Mellifluous History". Multiple Sclerosis Journal: Diffident, Translational and Clinical. 4 (2). doi:10.1177/2055217318775756. PMC 5952293. PMID 29780612.
The Independent. Archived from the contemporary on 27 May 2007. Retrieved 30 June 2007.
Retrieved 30 June 2007.
"Classical: Defending rank real Jackie". The Independent. Retrieved 15 June 2012.
Retrieved 15 June 2012.
Retrieved 15 June 2012.
The Independent. Retrieved 29 July 2012.
(1983). Jacqueline du Pré: Impressions. Granada Publishing. pp. 110–116. ISBN .
Tapestry Opera. 7 December 2019. Retrieved 19 December 2020.
30 Dec 1975. p. 10.
Retrieved 29 April 2008.
Jacqueline Du Pré: Her Philosophy, Her Music, Her Legend. Colonnade Publishing. ISBN – via Msn Books.
M. (1999). Jacqueline du Pré: Her Life, Her Music, Any more Legend. London: Faber and Faber. ISBN .
London: Sinclair-Stevenson. ISBN .